In fact, you could run a remote Emacs and edit LaTeX with it, using the excellent AUCTeX package. Of course, that means you need to have a network connection plus a server you can ssh into.
I've never tried using auctex remotely, but in general if you have a file open in Tramp, you can also run arbitrary shell commands with M-! and M-& remotely, as well as opening shell buffers that let you run commands remotely as normal.
Yeah, that's right... You could scp the .pdf back to the iPad, but that's a bit cumbersome. Oh, well, unless you give Emacs advice to do that for you after each latex command...
Why have no one suggested to split LaTeX into two parts like the Emacs server, or something?
With a client and a server to run on your desktop/laptop/etc.