"bits of information" doesn't mean 1's and 0's. "bits" is a measure of entropy.
If you send an analog signal over a wire and the receiver on the other end can distinguish between 1024 different voltages reliably, then you sent 10 bits of information. Even though you sent neither a 0 nor a 1, but an analog voltage.
It's about the "information" as an abstract concept, not about how that information is encoded as data sent over some medium. I can send you the same thing thousands of times. I would have sent you lots of data, but 1000 copies of the same thing still only contains as much information as a single copy does.
If you send an analog signal over a wire and the receiver on the other end can distinguish between 1024 different voltages reliably, then you sent 10 bits of information. Even though you sent neither a 0 nor a 1, but an analog voltage.
It's about the "information" as an abstract concept, not about how that information is encoded as data sent over some medium. I can send you the same thing thousands of times. I would have sent you lots of data, but 1000 copies of the same thing still only contains as much information as a single copy does.